Insect bites - little nuisance or big problem?

  • Published
  • By Capt. Scott Robertson
  • 75th Medical Group
HILL AIR FORCE BASE, Utah --  As the weather warms up, we are inclined to spend more leisure time outdoors with friends and family. However, while out hiking, mountain biking or barbequing with friends, we are inadvertently putting ourselves at risk for insect bites. While most insects are nothing more than a nuisance to our outdoor fun, some may cause illness. The good news is with a little education and prevention, everyone can have a safe and healthy summer.

Certain insects are host to illness-causing microorganisms that are transmitted through the insect's bite. In Utah the two primary insects of concern for insect-borne illnesses are mosquitoes and ticks. Insect-borne illnesses can range from mild symptoms treatable at home, to severe infections requiring hospitalization. The most common clinical signs of an insect-borne illness include:
  • Fever
  • Aches and pains
  • Rash

The incubation period is typically 3-30 days, and clinical signs can appear suddenly. Although rare, insect-borne illness can be fatal. However, early recognition and treatment can significantly decrease the risk of serious complications. So contact your Primary Care Manager (PCM) immediately if you have been bitten by an insect and experience any clinical signs.

Better yet, reduce your risk of contracting an insect-borne illness by preventing insect bites. Prevention against insect-borne disease is achieved by maintaining good situational awareness, using personal protective measures, and by following some simple precautions. It's easy if you remember the acronym A TRIP:

Avoid hiking in thick, low lying vegetation.
Tick check: Check your body every few hours for ticks. They can be very small, no larger than a pinhead, so pay attention to new "freckles."
Remove ticks immediately by using tweezers to grasp the tick as close to the skin as possible. Pull upward with steady, even pressure. If the mouth parts break off then remove them separately. Thoroughly clean the bite area with rubbing alcohol, iodine or soap and water.
Insect repellant: apply an insect repellant that contains 33 percent DEET to all exposed skin and apply permethrin to all clothing.
Protective clothing: Wear light colored protective clothing such as a long-sleeved shirt, pants and a hat. Also, pants legs should be tucked into socks while hiking.

These measures will help protect you while outside, but don't forget about your pets. There are many good topical tick preventives available, so talk to your veterinarian about which one is right for your pet.

Prevention is always the best solution and following these simple steps will ensure you and your family have a fun and healthy summer.

For additional information please contact the 75th Medical Group Public Health Office at 801-775-4518 or visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov).